A “steering wheel” on the ship is the device which controls the directions of the boat or ship. It is known as “Helm” Helm is a crucial equipment in marine navigation and vessel operation. It normally varies based on its design and structure that depends on the size and type of the vessel.
History of evolution:
The invention of the helm dates back to ancient times, from the Greeks, Roman, Egyptian and Phonecians.Before its invention the helmsman relied on different forms of rudder which were attached to the stern of the ships, as well as on tillers. However with the passage of time it became difficult to control the ships using these rudders and tillers as people began to travel long distances on ships more frequently.
The evolution of rudders and tillers into helm or ship wheel was marked by the invention of the wheel in the Middle ages. These wheels were made up of wood and were often very large in size. They used to be connected to the rudder with chains and helped the shipman to have precise control over the directions and movements of ships. With the passage of time , the advancements in technology led to the development of smaller wheels having more control over the ships. So it was a remarkable evolution that helped in maritime navigations to control the ships with less physical efforts and more accuracy.
Functions and Design:
Traditional ship wheels which were made up of wood were composed of 6-8 cylindrical wooden spokes and they all joined at a central wooden hub.Nowadays wooden helms are almost obsolete. Metal wheels are used recently which consist of large circular rods connected to the rudder system. A central shaft connects this wheel to the gear system to ensure accurate and controlled ship movements.
Operation and control:
Controlling the helm is an art and requires expertise, high level of skill and finesse. The helmsman is always mindful of the weather conditions, the size and structure of the vessels as well as of the steering wheel and rudders. Precise steering and smooth handling require learned techniques, as modern ships mostly use advanced technologies such as electronic steering systems.
Why is helm important in navigation:
Steering wheels are an important and most crucial directory device which ensures safe navigation. The helm is used to assure that the ship is on its intended path and is navigating smoothly, avoiding any kind of obstacles or obstructions.It is not only helpful in routine navigations but also play a vital role during emergency situations, such as adverse weather conditions to direct the ship towards a more safer destination.
Conclusion:
The helm, thus, is a fundamental directory equipment, which reflects a long history of evolution. Whether it was the wooden wheel or the modern day electronic wheel, its significance in maritime navigation remains the same. It ensure a safe and effective navigation and operation
of vessels. It bridges human skills with dynamic sea conditions and determines that marine navigation is also an art.
